1. To assess the impact of mode of learning on university student academic performance, including measures such as grades, course completion rates, and student engagement.
2. To analyze and compare student perceptions and experiences in different learning modes, seeking to understand the factors that may influence academic performance and engagement.
3. To provide insights and recommendations for educators and institutions on optimizing teaching and learning strategies to enhance student success in various learning environments.

INTRODUCTION
The landscape of higher education has evolved dramatically over the years, offering a wide array of learning modes to cater to the diverse needs and preferences of university students. Among these modes, traditional face-to-face instruction, online learning, and blended learning have become prominent alternatives. With these options come questions about their respective influences on university student academic performance. It is essential to understand how each of these learning modes affects the academic outcomes of students to optimize teaching and learning strategies effectively.
Traditional face-to-face learning, characterized by in-person classroom instruction, has been the historical cornerstone of higher education. In this mode, students have direct access to instructors, engage in peer interactions, and benefit from a structured and often standardized approach to learning. The physical presence in a traditional classroom setting provides opportunities for immediate feedback, group discussions, and collaborative activities, which are all thought to positively impact academic performance.
In contrast, online learning, facilitated through digital platforms, has gained prominence for its flexibility and accessibility. Students in online courses have the autonomy to learn at their own pace, often from any location with an internet connection. Online learning offers a diverse range of instructional formats, from recorded lectures to interactive discussion forums, designed to cater to various learning styles. However, the independence required for success in online courses may lead to variations in engagement and academic performance.
Blended learning, a hybrid approach, combines elements of both traditional face-to-face and online learning. This mode integrates the benefits of in-person instruction with the convenience and flexibility of online components. Blended courses aim to strike a balance between the advantages of personal interaction and digital resources, potentially offering an effective approach to learning. Understanding how the blend of these components influences academic performance is essential in modern educational contexts.
Given the multiple learning options available, students' academic outcomes can be influenced by their choice of learning mode, which may be dictated by personal preferences, schedules, and external factors. Furthermore, the effectiveness of each mode may vary across different academic disciplines and institutions. Consequently, this research seeks to investigate the impact of different learning modes on university student academic performance.
It will consider factors such as engagement, grades, course completion rates, and student perceptions. The research aims to provide valuable insights for educators and institutions, helping them tailor their teaching and course design to meet the diverse needs of students in higher education. By doing so, the study contributes to the ongoing conversation about optimizing student success in an ever-evolving educational landscape.

This research seeks to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of different learning modes on university student academic performance. The results may guide educational institutions in providing effective learning environments and support structures that cater to the diverse needs of students in higher education.